# 滑块

- 页面: https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui/docs/slider
- 资源: Material UI (https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui.md)
- 全部指南: https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui/docs.md

通过原生刻度与可访问标签选择单值或范围值。

本指南覆盖默认 Emotion 环境的 Material UI Core；扩展包与额外示例按清单单独标注。

## 使用场景与业务边界

Slider 可能返回 number 或 number[]；区分实时变化与提交变化，并明确映射非线性尺度。

## 原生组成与范围

`Slider`

保持 Material UI 原生组合与类型，不替换为 JGuang／Base UI／Radix 同名 API。示例条目不是额外组件。

## 原生安装与初始化

```bash
npm install @mui/material@9.4.0 @emotion/react@11.14.0 @emotion/styled@11.14.1
```

采用原生 npm 包与 Emotion，不提供虚构的 JGuang UI Registry 地址。将示例放在原生 ThemeProvider 内，按项目选择 CssBaseline 或 ScopedCssBaseline。先检查 React、现有 Provider、锁文件与 SSR 配置；不要覆盖用户文件或忽略 peer 冲突。本批实际验收 React 19.2.8；React 18 及以下须匹配 react-is。完整初始化规则见随附的双语 setup 文档。

## 关键原生参数

仅解释本指南选出的关键参数，不是平铺的通用 API。原生继承来源、slot 结构、可空值与泛型仍按固定源码保留。

| 所属组件.属性 | 用途说明 | 声明来源 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `Slider.value` | 受控原生值，其单值／数组／可空类型取决于所属组件。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.min` | 原生 Slider 最小值。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.max` | Badge 显示数量上限或 Slider 最大值，区分所属组件和单位。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.step` | 原生 Slider 步进，null 将选择限制为刻度。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.onChange` | 所属控件的原生回调，保留其准确事件／数值／可空签名。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.onChangeCommitted` | Slider 交互提交后的回调，与实时变化不同。 | `Slider` |
| `Slider.getAriaValueText` | 格式化有意义的 Slider 读屏数值文字，包括单位。 | `Slider` |

## 可运行原生示例

下列机器键只选择示例入口，不会作为通用 variant 属性传入每个组件。原生示例 JSX 与数据保持上游原文；JGuang 编写的验收示例明确标注。

- 连续值滑块 · `ContinuousSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 多个尺寸 · `SliderSizes` · 上游原生示例
- 离散值滑块 · `DiscreteSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 小步进 · `DiscreteSliderSteps` · 上游原生示例
- 自定义刻度 · `DiscreteSliderMarks` · 上游原生示例
- 限定取值 · `DiscreteSliderValues` · 上游原生示例
- 始终显示数值标签 · `DiscreteSliderLabel` · 上游原生示例
- 范围滑块 · `RangeSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 最小范围间距 · `MinimumDistanceSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 带输入框的滑块 · `InputSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 颜色 · `ColorSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 定制样式 · `CustomizedSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 音乐播放器控件演示 · `MusicPlayerSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 纵向滑块 · `VerticalSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 刻度位置 · `CustomMarks` · 上游原生示例
- 去除轨道 · `TrackFalseSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 反向轨道 · `TrackInvertedSlider` · 上游原生示例
- 非线性尺度 · `NonLinearSlider` · 上游原生示例

## 真实使用示例

固定版本的未修改原生示例；复制时同时保留所需的局部辅助文件。

```tsx
import * as React from 'react';
import Box from '@mui/material/Box';
import Stack from '@mui/material/Stack';
import Slider from '@mui/material/Slider';
import VolumeDown from '@mui/icons-material/VolumeDown';
import VolumeUp from '@mui/icons-material/VolumeUp';

export default function ContinuousSlider() {
  const [value, setValue] = React.useState<number>(30);

  const handleChange = (event: Event, newValue: number) => {
    setValue(newValue);
  };

  return (
    <Box sx={{ width: 200 }}>
      <Stack spacing={2} direction="row" sx={{ alignItems: 'center', mb: 1 }}>
        <VolumeDown />
        <Slider aria-label="Volume" value={value} onChange={handleChange} />
        <VolumeUp />
      </Stack>
      <Slider disabled defaultValue={30} aria-label="Disabled slider" />
    </Box>
  );
}

```

## 示例依赖边界

`react`, `@mui/material/Box`, `@mui/material/Stack`, `@mui/material/Slider`, `@mui/icons-material/VolumeDown`, `@mui/icons-material/VolumeUp`, `@mui/material/styles`, `@mui/material/Grid`, `@mui/material/Typography`, `@mui/material/Input`, `@mui/material/Tooltip`, `@mui/material/IconButton`, `@mui/icons-material/PauseRounded`, `@mui/icons-material/PlayArrowRounded`, `@mui/icons-material/FastForwardRounded`, `@mui/icons-material/FastRewindRounded`, `@mui/icons-material/VolumeUpRounded`, `@mui/icons-material/VolumeDownRounded`

直接导入 Icons／System／Utils 的示例需要匹配 9.4.0 包。局部数据与辅助文件属于示例闭包，不是额外组件。远程图片和模拟操作不提供后端。

## 固定上游 API 元数据参考

以下表格保留上游元数据，不是重新推断的通用类型体系。条件泛型、继承属性与回调细节以以下源码声明为准。主题默认配置可能覆盖元数据默认值。

### Slider

```tsx
import Slider from '@mui/material/Slider';
import { Slider } from '@mui/material';
```

| 属性 | 必需 | 上游元数据类型／约束 | 元数据默认值 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `aria-label` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `aria-labelledby` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `aria-valuetext` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `classes` | 否 | `object` | — |
| `color` | 否 | `'primary' \| 'secondary' \| 'error' \| 'info' \| 'success' \| 'warning' \| string` | `'primary'` |
| `defaultValue` | 否 | `Array<number> \| number` | — |
| `disabled` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableSwap` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `getAriaLabel` | 否 | `func` | — |
| `getAriaValueText` | 否 | `func` | — |
| `marks` | 否 | `Array<{ label?: node, value: number }> \| bool` | `false` |
| `max` | 否 | `number` | `100` |
| `min` | 否 | `number` | `0` |
| `name` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `onChange` | 否 | `func` | — |
| `onChangeCommitted` | 否 | `func` | — |
| `orientation` | 否 | `'horizontal' \| 'vertical'` | `'horizontal'` |
| `scale` | 否 | `func` | `function Identity(x) { return x; }` |
| `shiftStep` | 否 | `number` | `10` |
| `size` | 否 | `'small' \| 'medium' \| string` | `'medium'` |
| `slotProps` | 否 | `{ input?: func \| object, mark?: func \| object, markLabel?: func \| object, rail?: func \| object, root?: func \| object, thumb?: func \| object, track?: func \| object, valueLabel?: func \| { children?: element, className?: string, open?: bool, style?: object, value?: node, valueLabelDisplay?: 'auto' \| 'off' \| 'on' } }` | `{}` |
| `slots` | 否 | `{ input?: elementType, mark?: elementType, markLabel?: elementType, rail?: elementType, root?: elementType, thumb?: elementType, track?: elementType, valueLabel?: elementType }` | `{}` |
| `step` | 否 | `number` | `1` |
| `sx` | 否 | `Array<func \| object \| bool> \| func \| object` | — |
| `tabIndex` | 否 | `number` | — |
| `track` | 否 | `'inverted' \| 'normal' \| false` | `'normal'` |
| `value` | 否 | `Array<number> \| number` | — |
| `valueLabelDisplay` | 否 | `'auto' \| 'off' \| 'on'` | `'off'` |
| `valueLabelFormat` | 否 | `func \| string` | `function Identity(x) { return x; }` |


## 原生源码声明

声明与 import 从固定源码提取，不平铺联合类型或外部继承。英文注释／类型属于原始源码参考，不代表上游正文已全文翻译。共享类型仍位于原生包中。

### vendor/src/Slider/Slider.d.ts

```ts
import * as React from 'react';

import { SxProps } from '@mui/system';

import { OverridableStringUnion } from '@mui/types';

import { Mark } from './useSlider.types';

import { CreateSlotsAndSlotProps, SlotComponentProps, SlotProps } from '../utils/types';

import { Theme } from '../styles';

import { OverrideProps, OverridableComponent } from '../OverridableComponent';

import SliderValueLabelComponent from './SliderValueLabel';

import { SliderClasses } from './sliderClasses';

export interface SliderPropsColorOverrides {}

export interface SliderPropsSizeOverrides {}

export interface SliderSlots {
  /**
   * The component that renders the root.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  root: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the track.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  track: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the rail.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  rail: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the thumb.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  thumb: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the mark.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  mark: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the mark label.
   * @default 'span'
   */
  markLabel: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the value label.
   * @default SliderValueLabel
   */
  valueLabel: React.ElementType;
  /**
   * The component that renders the input.
   * @default 'input'
   */
  input: React.ElementType;
}

export interface SliderRootSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderTrackSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderRailSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderThumbSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderMarkSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderMarkLabelSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderValueLabelSlotPropsOverrides {}

export interface SliderInputSlotPropsOverrides {}

export type SliderSlotsAndSlotProps = CreateSlotsAndSlotProps<
  SliderSlots,
  {
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the root slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    root: SlotProps<'span', SliderRootSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the track slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    track: SlotProps<'span', SliderTrackSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the rail slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    rail: SlotProps<'span', SliderRailSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the thumb slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    thumb: SlotProps<'span', SliderThumbSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the mark slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    mark: SlotProps<'span', SliderMarkSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the mark label slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the span element.
     */
    markLabel: SlotProps<'span', SliderMarkLabelSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the value label slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the [SliderValueLabel](https://mui.com/material-ui/api/slider/) component.
     */
    valueLabel: SlotComponentProps<
      typeof SliderValueLabelComponent,
      SliderValueLabelSlotPropsOverrides,
      SliderOwnerState
    >;
    /**
     * Props forwarded to the input slot.
     * By default, the available props are based on the input element.
     */
    input: SlotProps<'input', SliderInputSlotPropsOverrides, SliderOwnerState>;
  }
>;

export interface SliderOwnerState extends SliderProps {
  dragging: boolean;
  marked: boolean;
  focusedThumbIndex: number;
}

export interface SliderOwnProps<Value extends number | readonly number[]> {
  /**
   * The label of the slider.
   */
  'aria-label'?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * The id of the element containing a label for the slider.
   */
  'aria-labelledby'?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * A string value that provides a user-friendly name for the current value of the slider.
   */
  'aria-valuetext'?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * The color of the component.
   * It supports both default and custom theme colors, which can be added as shown in the
   * [palette customization guide](https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/palette/#custom-colors).
   * @default 'primary'
   */
  color?:
    | OverridableStringUnion<
        'primary' | 'secondary' | 'error' | 'info' | 'success' | 'warning',
        SliderPropsColorOverrides
      >
    | undefined;
  /**
   * Override or extend the styles applied to the component.
   */
  classes?: Partial<SliderClasses> | undefined;
  /**
   * @ignore
   */
  className?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * The default value. Use when the component is not controlled.
   */
  defaultValue?: Value | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the component is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disabled?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the active thumb doesn't swap when moving pointer over a thumb while dragging another thumb.
   * @default false
   */
  disableSwap?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * Accepts a function which returns a string value that provides a user-friendly name for the thumb labels of the slider.
   * This is important for screen reader users.
   * @param {number} index The thumb label's index to format.
   * @returns {string}
   */
  getAriaLabel?: ((index: number) => string) | undefined;
  /**
   * Accepts a function which returns a string value that provides a user-friendly name for the current value of the slider.
   * This is important for screen reader users.
   * @param {number} value The thumb label's value to format.
   * @param {number} index The thumb label's index to format.
   * @returns {string}
   */
  getAriaValueText?: ((value: number, index: number) => string) | undefined;
  /**
   * Marks indicate predetermined values to which the user can move the slider.
   * If `true` the marks are spaced according the value of the `step` prop.
   * If an array, it should contain objects with `value` and an optional `label` keys.
   * @default false
   */
  marks?: boolean | readonly Mark[] | undefined;
  /**
   * The maximum allowed value of the slider.
   * Should not be equal to min.
   * @default 100
   */
  max?: number | undefined;
  /**
   * The minimum allowed value of the slider.
   * Should not be equal to max.
   * @default 0
   */
  min?: number | undefined;
  /**
   * Name attribute of the hidden `input` element.
   */
  name?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * Callback function that is fired when the slider's value changed.
   *
   * @param {Event} event The event source of the callback.
   * You can pull out the new value by accessing `event.target.value` (any).
   * **Warning**: This is a generic event not a change event.
   * @param {Value} value The new value.
   * @param {number} activeThumb Index of the currently moved thumb.
   */
  onChange?: ((event: Event, value: Value, activeThumb: number) => void) | undefined;
  /**
   * Callback function that is fired when the pointer or touch interaction ends.
   *
   * @param {React.SyntheticEvent | Event} event The event source of the callback. **Warning**: This is a generic event not a change event.
   * @param {Value} value The new value.
   */
  onChangeCommitted?: ((event: React.SyntheticEvent | Event, value: Value) => void) | undefined;
  /**
   * The component orientation.
   * @default 'horizontal'
   */
  orientation?: 'horizontal' | 'vertical' | undefined;
  /**
   * A transformation function, to change the scale of the slider.
   * @param {any} x
   * @returns {any}
   * @default function Identity(x) {
   *   return x;
   * }
   */
  scale?: ((value: number) => number) | undefined;
  /**
   * The granularity with which the slider can step through values when using Page Up/Page Down or Shift + Arrow Up/Arrow Down.
   * @default 10
   */
  shiftStep?: number | undefined;
  /**
   * The size of the slider.
   * @default 'medium'
   */
  size?: OverridableStringUnion<'small' | 'medium', SliderPropsSizeOverrides> | undefined;
  /**
   * The granularity with which the slider can step through values. (A "discrete" slider.)
   * The `min` prop serves as the origin for the valid values.
   * We recommend (max - min) to be evenly divisible by the step.
   *
   * When step is `null`, the thumb can only be slid onto marks provided with the `marks` prop.
   * @default 1
   */
  step?: number | null | undefined;
  /**
   * The system prop that allows defining system overrides as well as additional CSS styles.
   */
  sx?: SxProps<Theme> | undefined;
  /**
   * Tab index attribute of the hidden `input` element.
   */
  tabIndex?: number | undefined;
  /**
   * The track presentation:
   *
   * - `normal` the track will render a bar representing the slider value.
   * - `inverted` the track will render a bar representing the remaining slider value.
   * - `false` the track will render without a bar.
   * @default 'normal'
   */
  track?: 'normal' | false | 'inverted' | undefined;
  /**
   * The value of the slider.
   * For ranged sliders, provide an array with two values.
   */
  value?: Value | undefined;
  /**
   * Controls when the value label is displayed:
   *
   * - `auto` the value label will display when the thumb is hovered or focused.
   * - `on` will display persistently.
   * - `off` will never display.
   * @default 'off'
   */
  valueLabelDisplay?: 'on' | 'auto' | 'off' | undefined;
  /**
   * The format function the value label's value.
   *
   * When a function is provided, it should have the following signature:
   *
   * - {number} value The value label's value to format
   * - {number} index The value label's index to format
   * @param {any} x
   * @returns {any}
   * @default function Identity(x) {
   *   return x;
   * }
   */
  valueLabelFormat?: string | ((value: number, index: number) => React.ReactNode) | undefined;
}

export interface SliderTypeMap<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = 'span',
  AdditionalProps = {},
  Value extends number | readonly number[] = number | number[],
> {
  props: AdditionalProps & SliderOwnProps<Value> & SliderSlotsAndSlotProps;
  defaultComponent: RootComponent;
}

export type SliderComponent<Value extends number | readonly number[]> = OverridableComponent<
  SliderTypeMap<'span', {}, Value>
>;

export type SliderType = SliderComponent<number> &
  SliderComponent<number[]> &
  SliderComponent<readonly number[]> &
  SliderComponent<number | number[]>;

export interface SliderValueLabelProps extends React.HTMLAttributes<HTMLSpanElement> {
  children: React.ReactElement<unknown>;
  index: number;
  open: boolean;
  value: React.ReactNode;
}

type SliderRootProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['root'];

type SliderMarkProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['mark'];

type SliderMarkLabelProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['markLabel'];

type SliderRailProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['rail'];

type SliderTrackProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['track'];

type SliderThumbProps = NonNullable<SliderTypeMap['props']['slotProps']>['thumb'];

export declare const SliderRoot: React.FC<SliderRootProps>;

export declare const SliderMark: React.FC<SliderMarkProps>;

export declare const SliderMarkLabel: React.FC<SliderMarkLabelProps>;

export declare const SliderRail: React.FC<SliderRailProps>;

export declare const SliderTrack: React.FC<SliderTrackProps>;

export declare const SliderThumb: React.FC<SliderThumbProps>;

export declare const SliderValueLabel: React.FC<SliderValueLabelProps>;

declare const Slider: SliderType;

export type SliderProps<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = SliderTypeMap['defaultComponent'],
  AdditionalProps = {},
  Value extends number | readonly number[] = number | number[],
> = OverrideProps<SliderTypeMap<RootComponent, AdditionalProps, Value>, RootComponent> & {
  component?: React.ElementType | undefined;
};
```

## 安装后验收

执行严格类型检查、生产构建和实际交互。检查键盘标签／焦点、原生支持的禁用／错误／只读语义、深浅色、窄屏和减少动画。按真实宿主数据检查回调，不把复制提示词当作安装完成。初始化工具还需检查服务端 HTML 与无告警水合。

## 来源与许可

https://github.com/mui/material-ui/tree/809a7717b4c050ba3f69b75300689f07c050a16e

MIT · @mui/material@9.4.0. 保留上游原始内容与许可证。上游完整原文保留于 vendor/docs，不标为全文中文化。

---

JGuang 全部资源索引: https://jiguang132.com/llms.txt