# 按钮

- 页面: https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui/docs/buttons
- 资源: Material UI (https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui.md)
- 全部指南: https://jiguang132.com/zh/resources/material-ui/docs.md

通过文字、实心、描边或纯图标按钮触发操作。

本指南覆盖默认 Emotion 环境的 Material UI Core；扩展包与额外示例按清单单独标注。

## 使用场景与业务边界

加载只是视觉状态，不提供请求实现；纯图标操作需要名称，禁用涟漪后仍需可见焦点。

## 原生组成与范围

`Button`, `IconButton`, `ButtonBase`

保持 Material UI 原生组合与类型，不替换为 JGuang／Base UI／Radix 同名 API。示例条目不是额外组件。

## 原生安装与初始化

```bash
npm install @mui/material@9.4.0 @emotion/react@11.14.0 @emotion/styled@11.14.1
```

采用原生 npm 包与 Emotion，不提供虚构的 JGuang UI Registry 地址。将示例放在原生 ThemeProvider 内，按项目选择 CssBaseline 或 ScopedCssBaseline。先检查 React、现有 Provider、锁文件与 SSR 配置；不要覆盖用户文件或忽略 peer 冲突。本批实际验收 React 19.2.8；React 18 及以下须匹配 react-is。完整初始化规则见随附的双语 setup 文档。

## 关键原生参数

仅解释本指南选出的关键参数，不是平铺的通用 API。原生继承来源、slot 结构、可空值与泛型仍按固定源码保留。

| 所属组件.属性 | 用途说明 | 声明来源 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `Button.variant` | 所属组件的原生视觉枚举，不可替换为通用 variant 属性。 | `Button` |
| `Button.loading` | 原生加载展示，异步操作仍由宿主负责。 | `Button` |
| `Button.disabled` | 原生禁用交互状态，不是权限校验。 | `Button` |
| `Button.startIcon` | 原生 Button 前置图标元素，不是图标名称字符串。 | `Button` |
| `IconButton.aria-label` | 原生交互元素的可访问名称。 | `React.AriaAttributes` |

## 可运行原生示例

下列机器键只选择示例入口，不会作为通用 variant 属性传入每个组件。原生示例 JSX 与数据保持上游原文；JGuang 编写的验收示例明确标注。

- 基础按钮 · `BasicButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 文字按钮 · `TextButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 实心按钮 · `ContainedButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 实心按钮 · `DisableElevation` · 上游原生示例
- 描边按钮 · `OutlinedButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 颜色 · `ColorButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 多个尺寸 · `ButtonSizes` · 上游原生示例
- 带图标与文字的按钮 · `IconLabelButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 图标按钮 · `IconButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 多个尺寸 · `IconButtonSizes` · 上游原生示例
- 多种颜色 · `IconButtonColors` · 上游原生示例
- 加载状态 · `LoadingIconButton` · 上游原生示例
- 徽章 · `IconButtonWithBadge` · 上游原生示例
- 文件选择控件 · `InputFileUpload` · 上游原生示例
- 加载状态 · `LoadingButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 加载状态 · `LoadingButtonsTransition` · 上游原生示例
- 定制样式 · `CustomizedButtons` · 上游原生示例
- 复合按钮 · `ButtonBaseDemo` · 上游原生示例

## 真实使用示例

固定版本的未修改原生示例；复制时同时保留所需的局部辅助文件。

```tsx
import Stack from '@mui/material/Stack';
import Button from '@mui/material/Button';

export default function BasicButtons() {
  return (
    <Stack spacing={2} direction="row">
      <Button variant="text">Text</Button>
      <Button variant="contained">Contained</Button>
      <Button variant="outlined">Outlined</Button>
    </Stack>
  );
}

```

## 示例依赖边界

`@mui/material/Stack`, `@mui/material/Button`, `@mui/material/Box`, `@mui/icons-material/Delete`, `@mui/icons-material/Send`, `@mui/material/IconButton`, `@mui/icons-material/Alarm`, `@mui/icons-material/AddShoppingCart`, `@mui/icons-material/Fingerprint`, `react`, `@mui/material/Tooltip`, `@mui/icons-material/ShoppingCart`, `@mui/material/styles`, `@mui/material/Badge`, `@mui/icons-material/ShoppingCartOutlined`, `@mui/icons-material/CloudUpload`, `@mui/icons-material/Save`, `@mui/material/FormControlLabel`, `@mui/material/Switch`, `@mui/material/colors`, `@mui/material/ButtonBase`, `@mui/material/Typography`

直接导入 Icons／System／Utils 的示例需要匹配 9.4.0 包。局部数据与辅助文件属于示例闭包，不是额外组件。远程图片和模拟操作不提供后端。

## 固定上游 API 元数据参考

以下表格保留上游元数据，不是重新推断的通用类型体系。条件泛型、继承属性与回调细节以以下源码声明为准。主题默认配置可能覆盖元数据默认值。

### Button

```tsx
import Button from '@mui/material/Button';
import { Button } from '@mui/material';
```

原生继承: `ButtonBase`. 父级与 DOM 属性未被伪造为本组件新属性。

| 属性 | 必需 | 上游元数据类型／约束 | 元数据默认值 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `children` | 否 | `node` | — |
| `classes` | 否 | `object` | — |
| `color` | 否 | `'inherit' \| 'primary' \| 'secondary' \| 'success' \| 'error' \| 'info' \| 'warning' \| string` | `'primary'` |
| `component` | 否 | `elementType` | — |
| `disabled` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableElevation` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableFocusRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `endIcon` | 否 | `node` | — |
| `fullWidth` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `href` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `loading` | 否 | `bool` | `null` |
| `loadingIndicator` | 否 | `node` | `<CircularProgress color="inherit" size={16} />` |
| `loadingPosition` | 否 | `'center' \| 'end' \| 'start'` | `'center'` |
| `size` | 否 | `'small' \| 'medium' \| 'large' \| string` | `'medium'` |
| `startIcon` | 否 | `node` | — |
| `sx` | 否 | `Array<func \| object \| bool> \| func \| object` | — |
| `variant` | 否 | `'contained' \| 'outlined' \| 'text' \| string` | `'text'` |



### IconButton

```tsx
import IconButton from '@mui/material/IconButton';
import { IconButton } from '@mui/material';
```

原生继承: `ButtonBase`. 父级与 DOM 属性未被伪造为本组件新属性。

| 属性 | 必需 | 上游元数据类型／约束 | 元数据默认值 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `children` | 否 | `node` | — |
| `classes` | 否 | `object` | — |
| `color` | 否 | `'inherit' \| 'default' \| 'primary' \| 'secondary' \| 'error' \| 'info' \| 'success' \| 'warning' \| string` | `'default'` |
| `disabled` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableFocusRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `edge` | 否 | `'end' \| 'start' \| false` | `false` |
| `loading` | 否 | `bool` | `null` |
| `loadingIndicator` | 否 | `node` | `<CircularProgress color="inherit" size={16} />` |
| `size` | 否 | `'small' \| 'medium' \| 'large' \| string` | `'medium'` |
| `sx` | 否 | `Array<func \| object \| bool> \| func \| object` | — |



### ButtonBase

```tsx
import ButtonBase from '@mui/material/ButtonBase';
import { ButtonBase } from '@mui/material';
```

| 属性 | 必需 | 上游元数据类型／约束 | 元数据默认值 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `action` | 否 | `ref` | — |
| `centerRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `children` | 否 | `node` | — |
| `classes` | 否 | `object` | — |
| `component` | 否 | `element type` | — |
| `disabled` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `disableTouchRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `focusRipple` | 否 | `bool` | `false` |
| `focusVisibleClassName` | 否 | `string` | — |
| `LinkComponent` | 否 | `elementType` | `'a'` |
| `nativeButton` | 否 | `bool` | — |
| `onFocusVisible` | 否 | `func` | — |
| `sx` | 否 | `Array<func \| object \| bool> \| func \| object` | — |
| `TouchRippleProps` | 否 | `object` | — |
| `touchRippleRef` | 否 | `func \| { current?: { pulsate: func, start: func, stop: func } }` | — |
| `type` | 否 | `string` | `'button'` |


## 原生源码声明

声明与 import 从固定源码提取，不平铺联合类型或外部继承。英文注释／类型属于原始源码参考，不代表上游正文已全文翻译。共享类型仍位于原生包中。

### vendor/src/Button/Button.d.ts

```ts
import * as React from 'react';

import { DistributiveOmit, OverridableStringUnion } from '@mui/types';

import { SxProps } from '@mui/system';

import { Theme } from '../styles';

import { ExtendButtonBase, ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap } from '../ButtonBase';

import { OverrideProps, OverridableComponent, OverridableTypeMap } from '../OverridableComponent';

import { ButtonClasses } from './buttonClasses';

export interface ButtonPropsVariantOverrides {}

export interface ButtonPropsColorOverrides {}

export interface ButtonPropsSizeOverrides {}

export interface ButtonOwnProps {
  /**
   * The content of the component.
   */
  children?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * Override or extend the styles applied to the component.
   */
  classes?: Partial<ButtonClasses> | undefined;
  /**
   * The color of the component.
   * It supports both default and custom theme colors, which can be added as shown in the
   * [palette customization guide](https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/palette/#custom-colors).
   * @default 'primary'
   */
  color?:
    | OverridableStringUnion<
        'inherit' | 'primary' | 'secondary' | 'success' | 'error' | 'info' | 'warning',
        ButtonPropsColorOverrides
      >
    | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the component is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disabled?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, no elevation is used.
   * @default false
   */
  disableElevation?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the  keyboard focus ripple is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disableFocusRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * Element placed after the children.
   */
  endIcon?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * If `true`, the button will take up the full width of its container.
   * @default false
   */
  fullWidth?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * The URL to link to when the button is clicked.
   * If defined, an `a` element will be used as the root node.
   */
  href?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the loading indicator is visible and the button is disabled.
   * If `true | false`, the loading wrapper is always rendered before the children to prevent [Google Translation Crash](https://github.com/mui/material-ui/issues/27853).
   * @default null
   */
  loading?: boolean | null | undefined;
  /**
   * Element placed before the children if the button is in loading state.
   * The node should contain an element with `role="progressbar"` with an accessible name.
   * By default, it renders a `CircularProgress` that is labeled by the button itself.
   * @default <CircularProgress color="inherit" size={16} />
   */
  loadingIndicator?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * The loading indicator can be positioned on the start, end, or the center of the button.
   * @default 'center'
   */
  loadingPosition?: 'start' | 'end' | 'center' | undefined;
  /**
   * The size of the component.
   * `small` is equivalent to the dense button styling.
   * @default 'medium'
   */
  size?: OverridableStringUnion<'small' | 'medium' | 'large', ButtonPropsSizeOverrides> | undefined;
  /**
   * Element placed before the children.
   */
  startIcon?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * The system prop that allows defining system overrides as well as additional CSS styles.
   */
  sx?: SxProps<Theme> | undefined;
  /**
   * The variant to use.
   * @default 'text'
   */
  variant?:
    | OverridableStringUnion<'text' | 'outlined' | 'contained', ButtonPropsVariantOverrides>
    | undefined;
}

export type ButtonTypeMap<
  AdditionalProps = {},
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = 'button',
> = ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<{
  props: AdditionalProps & ButtonOwnProps;
  defaultComponent: RootComponent;
}>;

export interface ExtendButtonTypeMap<TypeMap extends OverridableTypeMap> {
  props: TypeMap['props'] &
    (TypeMap['props'] extends { classes?: Record<string, string> | undefined }
      ? DistributiveOmit<ButtonTypeMap['props'], 'classes'>
      : ButtonTypeMap['props']);
  defaultComponent: TypeMap['defaultComponent'];
}

export type ExtendButton<TypeMap extends OverridableTypeMap> = ((
  props: { href: string } & OverrideProps<ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<TypeMap>, 'a'>,
) => React.JSX.Element) &
  OverridableComponent<ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<TypeMap>>;

declare const Button: ExtendButtonBase<ButtonTypeMap>;

export type ButtonProps<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = ButtonTypeMap['defaultComponent'],
  AdditionalProps = {},
> = OverrideProps<ButtonTypeMap<AdditionalProps, RootComponent>, RootComponent> & {
  component?: React.ElementType | undefined;
};
```

### vendor/src/IconButton/IconButton.d.ts

```ts
import * as React from 'react';

import { SxProps } from '@mui/system';

import { OverridableStringUnion } from '@mui/types';

import { Theme } from '../styles';

import { ExtendButtonBase, ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap } from '../ButtonBase';

import { OverrideProps } from '../OverridableComponent';

import { IconButtonClasses } from './iconButtonClasses';

export interface IconButtonPropsColorOverrides {}

export interface IconButtonPropsSizeOverrides {}

export interface IconButtonOwnProps {
  /**
   * The icon to display.
   */
  children?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * Override or extend the styles applied to the component.
   */
  classes?: Partial<IconButtonClasses> | undefined;
  /**
   * The color of the component.
   * It supports both default and custom theme colors, which can be added as shown in the
   * [palette customization guide](https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/palette/#custom-colors).
   * @default 'default'
   */
  color?:
    | OverridableStringUnion<
        'inherit' | 'default' | 'primary' | 'secondary' | 'error' | 'info' | 'success' | 'warning',
        IconButtonPropsColorOverrides
      >
    | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the component is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disabled?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the  keyboard focus ripple is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disableFocusRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If given, uses a negative margin to counteract the padding on one
   * side (this is often helpful for aligning the left or right
   * side of the icon with content above or below, without ruining the border
   * size and shape).
   * @default false
   */
  edge?: 'start' | 'end' | false | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the loading indicator is visible and the button is disabled.
   * If `true | false`, the loading wrapper is always rendered before the children to prevent [Google Translation Crash](https://github.com/mui/material-ui/issues/27853).
   * @default null
   */
  loading?: boolean | null | undefined;
  /**
   * Element placed before the children if the button is in loading state.
   * The node should contain an element with `role="progressbar"` with an accessible name.
   * By default, it renders a `CircularProgress` that is labeled by the button itself.
   * @default <CircularProgress color="inherit" size={16} />
   */
  loadingIndicator?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * The size of the component.
   * `small` is equivalent to the dense button styling.
   * @default 'medium'
   */
  size?:
    OverridableStringUnion<'small' | 'medium' | 'large', IconButtonPropsSizeOverrides> | undefined;
  /**
   * The system prop that allows defining system overrides as well as additional CSS styles.
   */
  sx?: SxProps<Theme> | undefined;
}

export type IconButtonTypeMap<
  AdditionalProps = {},
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = 'button',
> = ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<{
  props: AdditionalProps & IconButtonOwnProps;
  defaultComponent: RootComponent;
}>;

declare const IconButton: ExtendButtonBase<IconButtonTypeMap>;

export type IconButtonProps<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = IconButtonTypeMap['defaultComponent'],
  AdditionalProps = {},
> = OverrideProps<IconButtonTypeMap<AdditionalProps, RootComponent>, RootComponent> & {
  component?: React.ElementType | undefined;
};
```

### vendor/src/ButtonBase/ButtonBase.d.ts

```ts
import * as React from 'react';

import { SxProps } from '@mui/system';

import { Theme } from '../styles';

import { TouchRippleActions, TouchRippleProps } from './TouchRipple';

import { OverrideProps, OverridableComponent, OverridableTypeMap } from '../OverridableComponent';

import { ButtonBaseClasses } from './buttonBaseClasses';

export interface ButtonBaseOwnProps {
  /**
   * A ref for imperative actions.
   * It currently only supports `focusVisible()` action.
   */
  action?: React.Ref<ButtonBaseActions> | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the ripples are centered.
   * They won't start at the cursor interaction position.
   * @default false
   */
  centerRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * The content of the component.
   */
  children?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * Override or extend the styles applied to the component.
   */
  classes?: Partial<ButtonBaseClasses> | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the component is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disabled?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the ripple effect is disabled.
   *
   * ⚠️ Without a ripple there is no styling for :focus-visible by default. Be sure
   * to highlight the element by applying separate styles with the `.Mui-focusVisible` class.
   * @default false
   */
  disableRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the touch ripple effect is disabled.
   * @default false
   */
  disableTouchRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * If `true`, the base button will have a keyboard focus ripple.
   * @default false
   */
  focusRipple?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * This prop can help identify which element has keyboard focus.
   * The class name will be applied when the element gains the focus through keyboard interaction.
   * It's a polyfill for the [CSS :focus-visible selector](https://drafts.csswg.org/selectors-4/#the-focus-visible-pseudo).
   * The rationale for using this feature [is explained here](https://github.com/WICG/focus-visible/blob/HEAD/explainer.md).
   * A [polyfill can be used](https://github.com/WICG/focus-visible) to apply a `focus-visible` class to other components
   * if needed.
   */
  focusVisibleClassName?: string | undefined;
  /**
   * The component used to render a link when the `href` prop is provided.
   * @default 'a'
   */
  LinkComponent?: React.ElementType | undefined;
  /**
   * Whether the custom component is expected to render a native `<button>` element
   * when passing a React component to the `component` or `slots` prop.
   */
  nativeButton?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * Callback fired when the component is focused with a keyboard.
   * We trigger a `onFocus` callback too.
   */
  onFocusVisible?: React.FocusEventHandler<any> | undefined;
  /**
   * The system prop that allows defining system overrides as well as additional CSS styles.
   */
  sx?: SxProps<Theme> | undefined;
  /**
   * @default 0
   */
  tabIndex?: NonNullable<React.HTMLAttributes<any>['tabIndex']> | undefined;
  /**
   * Props applied to the `TouchRipple` element.
   */
  TouchRippleProps?: Partial<TouchRippleProps> | undefined;
  /**
   * A ref that points to the `TouchRipple` element.
   */
  touchRippleRef?: React.Ref<TouchRippleActions> | undefined;
  /**
   * The HTML [`type`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Reference/Elements/button#type)
   * attribute applied to `button` and `a` elements.
   * Ignored when rendering non-native buttons.
   * @default 'button'
   */
  type?: string | undefined;
}

export interface ButtonBaseTypeMap<
  AdditionalProps = {},
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = 'button',
> {
  props: AdditionalProps & ButtonBaseOwnProps;
  defaultComponent: RootComponent;
}

export interface ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<TypeMap extends OverridableTypeMap> {
  props: TypeMap['props'] & Omit<ButtonBaseTypeMap['props'], 'classes' | keyof TypeMap['props']>;
  defaultComponent: TypeMap['defaultComponent'];
}

export type ExtendButtonBase<TypeMap extends OverridableTypeMap> = ((
  props: { href: string } & OverrideProps<ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<TypeMap>, 'a'>,
) => React.JSX.Element) &
  OverridableComponent<ExtendButtonBaseTypeMap<TypeMap>>;

declare const ButtonBase: ExtendButtonBase<ButtonBaseTypeMap>;

export type ButtonBaseProps<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = ButtonBaseTypeMap['defaultComponent'],
  AdditionalProps = {},
> = OverrideProps<ButtonBaseTypeMap<AdditionalProps, RootComponent>, RootComponent> & {
  component?: React.ElementType | undefined;
};

export interface ButtonBaseActions {
  focusVisible(): void;
}
```

## 安装后验收

执行严格类型检查、生产构建和实际交互。检查键盘标签／焦点、原生支持的禁用／错误／只读语义、深浅色、窄屏和减少动画。按真实宿主数据检查回调，不把复制提示词当作安装完成。初始化工具还需检查服务端 HTML 与无告警水合。

## 来源与许可

https://github.com/mui/material-ui/tree/809a7717b4c050ba3f69b75300689f07c050a16e

MIT · @mui/material@9.4.0. 保留上游原始内容与许可证。上游完整原文保留于 vendor/docs，不标为全文中文化。

---

JGuang 全部资源索引: https://jiguang132.com/llms.txt