# Stack

- Page: https://jiguang132.com/resources/material-ui/docs/stack
- Resource: Material UI (https://jiguang132.com/resources/material-ui.md)
- All guides: https://jiguang132.com/resources/material-ui/docs.md

Lay out immediate children in one dimension with spacing and dividers.

This guide covers Material UI Core with the default Emotion engine; extensions and additional demos are explicitly classified.

## Use case and business boundary

Use sx for additional system styling in this version; PigmentStack requires a separate engine integration.

## Native composition and scope

`Stack`

Preserve native Material UI composition and types; do not substitute JGuang UI/Base UI/Radix APIs. Example entries are not extra components.

Excluded integrations: `PigmentStack` (@mui/material-pigment-css). Not claimed verified in the default Emotion environment.

## Native installation and initialization

```bash
npm install @mui/material@9.4.0 @emotion/react@11.14.0 @emotion/styled@11.14.1
```

Use native npm and Emotion, not an invented JGuang UI Registry URL. Place examples inside native ThemeProvider; choose CssBaseline or ScopedCssBaseline for the project. Inspect React, existing providers, lockfile and SSR first. Never overwrite files or conceal peer conflicts. This batch verified React 19.2.8; React 18 and below require matching react-is. See the included bilingual setup guide.

## Practical native parameters

These selected parameters are not a flattened universal API. Preserve the native declaring owner, slot structure, nullable values and generics.

| Owner.prop | Practical role | Declaration source |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `Stack.direction` | Owning native direction enum; layout, sorting and transition directions differ. | `Stack` |
| `Stack.spacing` | Native theme-spacing units or supported CSS lengths; not always raw pixels. | `Stack` |
| `Stack.divider` | Native Stack separator element between immediate children. | `Stack` |
| `Stack.useFlexGap` | Use CSS flex gap instead of margin-based Stack spacing. | `Stack` |

## Runnable native examples

Machine keys select example entries, not universal variant props. Native demo JSX/data stay unchanged; JGuang-authored acceptance fixtures are explicitly labelled.

- Basics · `BasicStack` · upstream native demo
- Direction · `DirectionStack` · upstream native demo
- Dividers · `DividerStack` · upstream native demo
- Responsive values · `ResponsiveStack` · upstream native demo
- Flexbox gap · `FlexboxGapStack` · upstream native demo
- white-space: nowrap · `ZeroWidthStack` · upstream native demo

## Explicitly unsupported additional examples

These remain in the upstream inventory, not silently skipped or presented as working previews. Additional dependency/framework acceptance is required.

- Interactive demo · `InteractiveStack`: `@mui/internal-core-docs/HighlightedCode`

## Actual usage example

Unmodified pinned native demo; copy its required local helper files together.

```tsx
import Box from '@mui/material/Box';
import Paper from '@mui/material/Paper';
import Stack from '@mui/material/Stack';
import { styled } from '@mui/material/styles';

const Item = styled(Paper)(({ theme }) => ({
  backgroundColor: '#fff',
  ...theme.typography.body2,
  padding: theme.spacing(1),
  textAlign: 'center',
  color: (theme.vars ?? theme).palette.text.secondary,
  ...theme.applyStyles('dark', {
    backgroundColor: '#1A2027',
  }),
}));

export default function BasicStack() {
  return (
    <Box sx={{ width: '100%' }}>
      <Stack spacing={2}>
        <Item>Item 1</Item>
        <Item>Item 2</Item>
        <Item>Item 3</Item>
      </Stack>
    </Box>
  );
}

```

## Example dependency boundaries

`@mui/material/Box`, `@mui/material/Paper`, `@mui/material/Stack`, `@mui/material/styles`, `@mui/material/Divider`, `@mui/material/Avatar`, `@mui/material/Typography`

Direct Icons/System/Utils example imports require their matching 9.4.0 packages. Relative data/helpers are part of the example closure, not extra components. Remote images and simulated operations do not supply a backend.

## Pinned upstream API metadata reference

These tables retain the upstream metadata, not a newly inferred generic type system. Conditional generics, inherited props and callback details are defined by the source declarations below. Theme defaults may override metadata defaults.

### Stack

```tsx
import Stack from '@mui/material/Stack';
import { Stack } from '@mui/material';
```

| Prop | Required | Upstream metadata type / constraint | Metadata default |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| `children` | no | `node` | — |
| `component` | no | `elementType` | — |
| `direction` | no | `'column-reverse' \| 'column' \| 'row-reverse' \| 'row' \| Array<'column-reverse' \| 'column' \| 'row-reverse' \| 'row'> \| object` | `'column'` |
| `divider` | no | `node` | — |
| `spacing` | no | `Array<number \| string> \| number \| object \| string` | `0` |
| `sx` | no | `Array<func \| object \| bool> \| func \| object` | — |
| `useFlexGap` | no | `bool` | `false` |


## Native source declarations

Declarations/imports are extracted from pinned source without flattening unions or external inheritance. Original English comments/types are source reference, not a claim of translated upstream prose. Shared types stay in their native packages.

### vendor/src/Stack/Stack.d.ts

```ts
import * as React from 'react';

import { ResponsiveStyleValue, SxProps } from '@mui/system';

import { OverrideProps, OverridableComponent } from '../OverridableComponent';

import { Theme } from '../styles/createTheme';

export interface StackOwnProps {
  /**
   * The content of the component.
   */
  children?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * Defines the `flex-direction` style property.
   * It is applied for all screen sizes.
   * @default 'column'
   */
  direction?: ResponsiveStyleValue<'row' | 'row-reverse' | 'column' | 'column-reverse'> | undefined;
  /**
   * Defines the space between immediate children.
   * @default 0
   */
  spacing?: ResponsiveStyleValue<number | string> | undefined;
  /**
   * Add an element between each child.
   */
  divider?: React.ReactNode;
  /**
   * If `true`, the CSS flexbox `gap` is used instead of applying `margin` to children.
   *
   * While CSS `gap` removes the known limitations,
   * it is not fully supported in some browsers. We recommend checking https://caniuse.com/?search=flex%20gap before using this flag.
   *
   * To enable this flag globally, follow the [theme's default props](https://mui.com/material-ui/customization/theme-components/#default-props) configuration.
   * @default false
   */
  useFlexGap?: boolean | undefined;
  /**
   * The system prop, which allows defining system overrides as well as additional CSS styles.
   */
  sx?: SxProps<Theme> | undefined;
}

export interface StackTypeMap<
  AdditionalProps = {},
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = 'div',
> {
  props: AdditionalProps & StackOwnProps;
  defaultComponent: RootComponent;
}

declare const Stack: OverridableComponent<StackTypeMap>;

export type StackProps<
  RootComponent extends React.ElementType = StackTypeMap['defaultComponent'],
  AdditionalProps = {},
> = OverrideProps<StackTypeMap<AdditionalProps, RootComponent>, RootComponent> & {
  component?: React.ElementType | undefined;
};
```

## Post-install acceptance

Run strict types, production build and real interactions. Check keyboard labels/focus, disabled/error/read-only semantics where natively supported, both themes, narrow screens and reduced motion. Verify callbacks against the real host data; do not declare installation complete from copying a prompt. Initialization fixtures also require server HTML and warning-free hydration.

## Source and license

https://github.com/mui/material-ui/tree/809a7717b4c050ba3f69b75300689f07c050a16e

MIT · @mui/material@9.4.0. Vendor originals and license are preserved. Full original upstream prose remains in vendor/docs and is not represented as fully translated.

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